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Autonomic Innervation of the Rectum and Anal Canal
The rectum and anal canal are the most terminal parts of the lower GI tract/ that form a functional unit and control . can occur if this function is disturbed. Fecal continence is maintained by several important anatomic structures including rectal folds, anal valves, the sling-like muscle, and internal and external anal sphincters. Peristaltic waves within the rectal muscularis, involuntary relaxation of the internal anal sphincter (controlled by the ), and voluntary relaxation of the external anal sphincter (controlled by the ) are essential for to occur. The rich plexus of surrounding the anal canal can develop into if dilated.
Gross anatomy of the rectum and anal canal
Differences in anal neurovasculature above and below the pectinate line: IMA: inferior mesenteric artery IMV: inferior mesenteric vein LN: lymph node IVC: inferior vena cava
The primary roles of the rectum and anal canal involve controlled .
